Environmental Science and Studies

If you care about climate change, protecting wildlife, or making communities more sustainable, a degree in environmental science or environmental studies could be a great fit.

• Environmental Science focuses on the natural sciences, such as biology, chemistry, physics, and geology. Students learn how ecosystems work, study pollution and its impact, and use technology like geographic information systems (GIS) to analyze environmental data.

• Environmental Studies combines science with courses in politics, economics, history, and ethics. It looks at how people interact with the environment and prepares students to work on solutions that balance environmental, social, and economic needs.

Both majors give you opportunities to do research, fieldwork, and internships, which are essential for building real-world experience. Strong communication, teamwork, and problem-solving skills are just as important as science knowledge, since environmental challenges often involve collaboration across many fields.

What You Study

Depending on the program, courses may include:

• Biology, chemistry, and physics

• Geology, hydrology, and ecology

• Environmental law and policy

• Energy and sustainability

• Environmental ethics and philosophy

• Digital mapping and GIS

• Conservation biology and resource management

Programs vary by university, so check whether the focus is more on science, policy, or a balance of the two.

Careers in Environmental Science and Studies

A bachelor’s degree opens doors to entry-level jobs in environmental protection, natural resource management, consulting, or education. Graduate school is often recommended for advanced research, teaching, or leadership roles.

Potential career paths include:

• Environmental scientist or consultant
• Ecologist
• Conservation biologist
• Soil scientist
• Wildlife biologist
• Forest ranger or natural resource specialist
• Environmental lawyer or policy advisor
• Environmental educator or park naturalist
• Fisheries or aquaculture manager
• Environmental planner or urban planner
• Waste management or pollution control specialist
• Climate change researcher
• Toxicologist

Related majors include geography, forestry, urban planning, environmental engineering, global studies, and oceanography.