What Is Environmental Science — and What Can You Do with It?

If you’re curious about nature, climate, and how humans interact with the environment, Environmental Science might be the major for you. Maybe you dream of protecting wildlife, finding solutions to climate change, or making cities more sustainable. Environmental Science combines biology, chemistry, earth science, and problem-solving to understand and address environmental challenges.

Environmental Science programs attract students who are curious, analytical, and passionate about real-world issues. While it’s a STEM field, it also encourages creativity: scientists develop innovative solutions, conduct research, and work with communities to make a measurable impact.

WHAT YOU’LL STUDY

Environmental Science combines theory, observation, and hands-on work. Typical courses include:

• Ecology and Ecosystems

• Climate Science and Meteorology

• Environmental Chemistry

• Conservation Biology

• Environmental Policy and Management

• Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

• Sustainability and Renewable Resources

• Environmental Fieldwork and Lab Research

Most programs mix classroom learning with labs, field studies, and projects. You might collect soil samples, track wildlife populations, or analyze pollution data. Many universities also offer internships or co-op programs, giving students real-world experience in environmental consulting, research, or sustainability projects.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE PROGRAMS

Some programs allow students to specialize in areas such as:

• Conservation and Wildlife Biology: Protecting ecosystems and species

• Environmental Policy and Management: Shaping sustainable policies for governments or organizations

• Climate Science: Studying and modeling climate systems and impacts

• Sustainability and Renewable Energy: Designing eco-friendly solutions for cities, industries, and communities

Environmental Science may be offered as a Bachelor of Science (BSc) or Bachelor of Environmental Studies (BES), depending on the school. Some programs allow interdisciplinary courses in economics, policy, or engineering.

CAREER PATHS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE MAJORS

Environmental Science opens doors across science, policy, and industry. Examples include:

• Environmental consultant

• Wildlife biologist or conservationist

• Climate analyst or sustainability specialist

• Renewable energy researcher

• Environmental educator or policy advisor

• Urban planner with a sustainability focus

Even if you don’t work in a traditional environmental role, this major teaches research, data analysis, and problem-solving skills that are valuable in almost any career.

THE JOB MARKET AND INDUSTRY TRENDS

Environmental Science is a growing field worldwide. There is increasing demand for professionals who can solve environmental problems, create sustainable solutions, and address climate change. Careers are found in government, non-profits, consulting, research labs, and private industry.

Emerging fields like renewable energy, sustainability consulting, and urban planning are creating new opportunities for graduates. Environmental scientists who combine technical knowledge with communication and teamwork skills are especially in demand.

HOW TO EXPLORE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE IN HIGH SCHOOL

• Take biology, chemistry, earth science, and environmental science courses

• Join environmental clubs, outdoor or conservation programs, or science fairs

• Participate in community cleanups, sustainability projects, or citizen science

• Attend summer camps, workshops, or online programs focused on ecology or sustainability

• Ask questions and observe the natural world — everything from local wildlife to climate patterns can spark curiosity

Environmental Science is about understanding the world and finding ways to protect and improve it. If you’re curious, creative, and enjoy solving problems, this major could be a great fit.